✶举头望明月 位置都不变? Why Is the Moon Following Me?
Why Is the Moon Following Me?
#科学·科技
8/11 解析英语
作者 Duncan DeAeth
阅读时间 8分钟
听讲解 听朗读
本图文出处:
https://www.ivy.com.tw/newsLetter/an...041909143453054MP3:
举头望明月 位置都不变? Why Is the Moon Following Me?
关于月亮的另一个视错觉在它更靠近地平线时会发生。
目录 / More to Learn / 中文翻译(& 答案)
科普园地
Many children have stared out of a car window at night to see the moon gleaming up above. Some have also noticed that the moon seems to stay in the same place, even if the car is driving forward. Trees, cars, buildings, and all the other objects pass by in the blink of an eye, but not the moon. It seems as if the moon just follows the moving car.
This is an optical illusion. The moon isn’t actually following anyone. It’s simply too far away for people to judge any change in distance as a car moves. With smaller objects that are much closer to the car’s position, the angle from which we view them changes rapidly as they are approached and passed. However, the distance between people on Earth and the moon is so vast in comparison that the shift in the angle and distance is basically imperceptible .
Another factor that makes the moon appear to stay in place is that there are usually no objects of comparable size visible in the sky. The moon usually occupies a large portion of the sky all by itself. Without a good frame of reference, it’s very difficult for the human eye to make accurate judgments about size and distance.
Another optical illusion involving the moon occurs when it is closer to the horizon. You may have noticed that the moon always looks bigger around dusk or dawn. When the moon is near the horizon, our brain can compare it to buildings or mountains. At these times, it seems much larger than when it is floating high above us in the sky. The truth is that the moon never changes its size.
1. What is the reason the moon appears to follow people in a car?
(A) The time.
(B) The angle of vision.
(C) The direction of the car.
(D) The speed at which the car is driving.
2. What can we learn about the moon from the passage?
(A) Its position never actually changes throughout the night.
(B) It blocks everything in the sky when it’s directly overhead.
(C) It cannot be seen with the naked eye when it first appears in the sky.
(D) Its actual size remains the same whether it hangs high or lies near the horizon.
3. Which of the following best concludes the passage?
(A) Seeing is not believing.
(B) Practice makes perfect.
(C) Time and tide wait for no man.
(D) A picture is worth a thousand words.
答案: 1.B 2.D 3.A
单字片语整理
Words in Use
●
compare [kəmˋpɛr]
vi. （可与……）匹敌
vt. 把……比作
vt. & vi. 比较
●
reference [ˋrɛfərəns]
vt. 参考；言及，提到
●
illusion [ɪˋljuʒən]
n. 错误的观念；错觉，幻觉
●
vast [væst]
a. 广阔的；巨大的
●
occupy [ˋɑkjə͵paɪ]
vt. 拥有（某职务）；占据；使忙碌
●
shift [ʃɪft]
.vt. 转移，改变
n. 轮班
●
horizon [həˋraɪzn]
n. 地平线（单数）；范围，范畴（常用复数）
●
overhead [ˋovɚˋhɛd]
adv. 在高空中
a. 头顶上的
●
comparable [ˋkɑmpərəb!]
a. 可相比的
●
stare [stɛr]
vi. 凝视；瞪视（与介词 at 并用）
n. 凝视
●
accurate [ˋækjərɪt]
a. 精准的
●
float [flot]
vi. 漂浮
n. 浮板
●
gleam [glim]
vi. & n. （某物）闪烁；（眼神）闪烁
●
optical [ˋɑptɪk!]
a. 视觉的
●
imperceptible [͵ɪmpɚˋsɛptəb!]
a. 察觉／感觉不到的
Practical Phrases
●
compare A to B 把 A 比喻为 B
Life is often compared to a long journey.
人生常被比喻为一段漫长的旅程。
●
a small portion of... 少部分的……
●
a large portion of... 大部分的……
A large portion of the money will go to charity.
这笔钱大部分要捐给慈善机构。
●
stare at... 凝视着……
= gaze at...
Why are you staring at me, John? Is there something wrong with me?
约翰，你为什么这样瞪着我？我有什么不对劲吗？
●
in the blink of an eye 突然间，一刹那间
We watched the magician closely, but the rabbit disappeared in the blink of an eye.
我们紧盯着魔术师看，但兔子却突然之间消失了。
●
in comparison 相较之下
Eddie’s room is always messy. In comparison,his brother’s room is clean and tidy.
艾迪的房间总是乱糟糟的。相比之下，他弟弟的房间干净又整洁。
●
compare A with B 将 A 与 B 作比较
Some parents like to compare their kids with other kids.
有些父母喜欢拿他们的孩子和别人的孩子作比较。
●
the naked eye 肉眼
●
in place 在原地／固定位置
These nails will keep the wooden plate in place.
这些钉子会让木板维持在固定位置。
●
a frame of reference （作为判断依据的）参照标准
More to Learn
dusk [ dʌsk ] n. 黄昏
• The darkening sky at dusk was a perfect backdrop for the fireworks display.
黄昏时，渐暗的天空是这场烟火秀绝佳的背景。
dawn [ dɔn ] n. 黎明，破晓
• Farmers wake up before dawn to prepare for their work in the field.
农夫会在黎明前起床以准备田里的工作。
以下介绍一天之中其他时段的说法:
twilight
[ ˋtwaɪ͵laɪt ]
薄暮时分(指微弱的太阳照亮天空的时 刻，可以是太阳刚要升起或落下时)
sunrise 日出
morning 早上(「日出」到「正午」这段时间)
midday 中午时段(约 11:00 a.m.-2:00 p.m.)
noon 正午(指 12:00 p.m.)
afternoon 下午(「正午」到「日落」这段时间)
sunset 日落
evening 傍晚(约 5:00 p.m.-8:00 p.m.)
night 晚上(「日落」到「日出」天黑期间)
midnight 半夜(指 12:00 a.m.)
• At twilight, the world slows down and takes on a dreamlike quality.
薄暮时分，世界慢了下来，呈现出一种梦境般的感觉。
• The sun is directly overhead at midday, so there are no shadows.
太阳在正午时位于头顶正上方，所以不会有影子。
• The evening breeze was cool and comfortable.
傍晚的微风又凉又舒适。
中文翻译(& 答案)
很多小朋友都曾在夜晚时凝视着车窗外，看着月亮高挂 天上微微发亮。有些人也注意到即使车子正在行进，月亮却 似乎一直待在同一处。树木、车子、建筑和其他所有物体在 转瞬间呼啸而过，但月亮却没有。月亮看起来就好像是在跟 着行驶中的车子。
这是一种视错觉。月亮其实没有跟着任何人。它只是太 遥远了，所以人们在车子移动时，无法判断任何距离上的改 变。至于更靠近车子位置的较小物体，在我们靠近、经过它 们时，我们看它们的角度会迅速改变。然而相比之下，地球 上的人类和月亮的距离是那么地广大，所以角度和距离的改变基本上无法察觉。
月亮看起来一直在原地还有另一个因素，那就是天空中 通常没有肉眼可见、大小可与之相比的物体。月亮本身通常 占据了一大部分的天空。没有一个好的参照标准，人眼很难 对于大小和距离做出准确的判断。
关于月亮的另一个视错觉在它更靠近地平线时会发生。 你可能曾注意到，月亮在接近黄昏或黎明时看起来比较大。 当月亮接近地平线时，我们的大脑就能将其与建筑物或山脉 比较。在这些时段，月亮看起来比它在高空飘动时大很多。 事实是，月亮的大小永远不会改变。
1. 是什么原因让月亮看起来像跟着车内的人们?
(A) 时间。
(B) 视角。
(C) 车子的方向。
(D) 车子行驶的速度。
2. 我们可以从本文得知关于月亮的什么事?
(A) 月亮的位置其实整晚都不会变。
(B) 月亮在正上方时会遮住天空中的一切。
(C) 月亮刚出现在天空中时肉眼无法看见。
(D) 月亮真实的大小不管是高挂天上时或是接近地平线时都一样。
3. 下列何者最适合总结本文?
(A) 眼见不一定为凭。
(B) 熟能生巧。
(C) 时间不等人。
(D) 一画胜千言。
题解: 本文提到，月亮看起来好像在跟着移动中的车子，以及月亮在黄昏或黎明时看起来比较大都是 视错觉，也就是说我们看见的这些现象并不是事 实，可知「眼见不一定为凭」，故答案应选 (A)。
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