核融合大突破 洁净能源不是梦 Fusion Power Breakthrough
Fusion Power Breakthrough
#环境·保育 #时事
4/12 解析英语
作者 Analytical Editors
阅读时间 7分钟
听讲解 听朗读
难度 收藏文章
本图文出处:
https://www.ivy.com.tw/newsLetter/an...121910385891469 MP3:
核融合大突破 洁净能源不是梦 Fusion Power Breakthrough
美国一间实验室的科学家得以制造出核融合反应，其产生的能量比要制造出该反应所需的能量还多。
目录 / More to Learn / 中文翻译(& 答案)
新闻英语
Asignificant breakthrough has recently occurred in the race to produce clean energy. Scientists at a laboratory in the United States were able to create a fusion reaction that produced more energy than was required to make it. Experts around the world agree that this incredible development proves that fusion power can one day be a practical energy option.
Fusion power is a type of nuclear energy source like fission power, which is currently a common source of energy across the globe. While fission power involves splitting a large atom to produce energy, fusion power creates energy by combining smaller atoms together. It makes energy the same way the Sun and stars do. One important thing to note is that fusion power doesn’t create harmful long-term radioactive waste and is unlikely to cause dangerous power plant meltdowns like fission power. That’s why fusion power has been described as the “holy grail” of sustainable energy.
Despite this critical development, there are still many obstacles to get over before fusion power becomes a reality. For one thing, the energy produced in the above- mentioned experiment was just enough to boil a few water kettles. It is incredibly difficult to sustain a fusion reaction.
Temperatures need to be higher than the Sun’s center, and the pressure should also be greater than the Earth’s atmosphere before atoms will merge, not to mention the costs of building and maintaining all the highly-technical equipment. Still, many in the scientific community are optimistic about what the future of fusion power holds.
1. What can we learn about the experiment that realized fusion power?
(A) It was not recognized by the scientific field.
(B) It tried to split apart two atoms to produce energy.
(C) It has achieved something that has never happened before
(D) It produced energy that can be put into commercial use soon.
2. Why is fusion power considered a better option than fission power?
(A) Fission power is more difficult to generate .
(B) Fusion power is less likely to cause a power plant disaster.
(C) Fission power plants need more energy to operate properly.
(D) Fusion power requires a lot less energy to produce than fission power.
3. Which of the following is NOT a current challenge regarding fusion power?
(A) The necessary equipment is expensive and difficult to maintain.
(B) The pressure required in the process should be extremely high.
(C) Temperatures need to get very hot for it to work.
(D) The risk of an explosion is quite high.
答案: 1.C 2.B 3.D
单字片语整理
Words in Use
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long-term [ˋlɔŋ͵tɝm]
adj. 长期的
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community [kəˋmjunətɪ]
n. 社区；界，共同利益团体
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equipment [ɪˋkwɪpmənt]
n. 装备（集合名词，不可数）
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atmosphere [ˋætməs͵fɪr]
n. 大气；空气；氛围
●
sustain [səˋsten]
●
sustainable [səˋstenəb!]
a. 可维持的；可持续的
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generate [ˋdʒɛnə͵ret]
vt. 产生（光、电、热）；造成，引起
●
option [ˋɑpʃən]
n. 选择
●
critical [ˋkrɪtɪk!]
a. 危急的；批评的；重要的，关键的
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laboratory [ˋlæbrə͵torɪ]
n. 实验室
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split [splɪt]
vi. 分开
.vt. 劈开；分裂
n. 裂口；意见分歧
●
obstacle [ˋɑbstək!]
n. 障碍
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explosion [ɪkˋsploʒən]
n. 爆炸；（感情、笑声等的）爆发
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merge [mɝdʒ]
vi. & vt. （使）合并
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breakthrough [ˋbrek͵θru]
n. 突破
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kettle [ˋkɛt!]
n. （煮开水用的）水壶
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above-mentioned [əˋbʌvˋmɛnʃənd]
adj. 上述的
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meltdown [ˋmɛlt͵daʊn]
n. （核电厂燃料）熔毁
Practical Phrases
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get over... 从……恢复过来 / 复元
= recover from...
It took me a long time to get over the shock.
我花了很长的时间才从惊吓中回复过来。
●
not to mention sth 更不用说某事物
Daphne is good at playing the guitar and the violin, not to mention the piano.
达芙妮擅长演奏吉他和小提琴，钢琴就更不用说了。
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describe A as B 将A描述为B
= depict A as B
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be optimistic about... 对……表示乐观
Investors are still relatively optimistic about the company’s prospects.
投资人对该公司的前景仍旧相当乐观。
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be described as... 被描述成／形容为⋯⋯
Jenny is described as a kind and warm girl.
珍妮被描述成一个善良又温暖的女孩。
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the holy grail 终极目标
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For one thing, S + V 首先／一方面⋯⋯
You should think twice before you accept the job. For one thing, the pay is not ideal. For another, the commute is long.
你在接受那份工作前最好再想想。一方面，薪水不是很理想。另一方面，通勤时间很长。
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commercial use 商业用途
More to Learn
race [ res ] n. (为抢先做到某事或得到某物的)竞赛/竞争
• After the manager retired, everyone in our department was in the race to get the position.
经理退休后，我们部门的人都为了那个职位而竞争。
以下介绍 race 的其他常见用法:
a. (n.)(比速度的)比赛/竞赛
• The big race will take place as the final event of our school’s sports day.
那场大赛会是我们运动会的最后一项赛事。
b. (n.) 人种，种族
• This country is known for being full of people of different races.
这个国家以充满不同种族的人所闻名。
c. (vt.) 与⋯⋯比赛
• I used to race my brother home when we were little.
我跟哥哥还小时常常比赛跑回家。
d. (vi.) 加快速度
• All of the cars gave way when an ambulance went racing down the street.
一辆救护车在街上急驶时所有车子都让道。
e. (vi.)(心或脑因害怕、兴奋等而)快速跳动/转动
• Jerry’s heart was racing when he was about to propose to his girlfriend.
杰瑞正要跟女友求婚时，他的心跳很快。
中文翻译(& 答案)
最近，在制造干净能源的竞赛中有一项重大突破出现 了。美国一间实验室的科学家得以制造出核融合反应，其产 生的能量比要制造出该反应所需的能量还多。全世界的专家 皆赞同，这令人难以置信的发展证明了核融合能源有朝一日 会是能实际运用的能源选择。
核融合能源跟核分裂能源一样是一种核能源，核分裂能 源是一种目前在全世界很常见的能量来源。核分裂能源需要 分裂一个大原子来产生能源，核融合能源则是藉由结合较小 的原子来产生能源。其制造能源的方式跟太阳和恒星一样。 有一件值得注意的重要事情是，核融合能源不会产生有害的长期放射性废弃物，也不太可能像核分裂能源一样造成危险 的核电厂熔毁。那就是为什么核融合能源被形容为永续能源 的「圣杯」。
尽管有了这项关键性的发展，在核融合能源成真以前还 是有许多障碍要克服。首先，在上述实验中所产生的能源只 够用来煮几壶水。要维持核融合反应极度困难。在原子融合之 前，温度须高于太阳中心的温度，而压力也应该要比地球大气 还大，更别提建造和维护所有高技术性设备的花费。然而，科 学界很多人还是对于核融合能源未来的发展乐观以待。
1. 关于实现核融合能源的实验我们可以得知什么事?
(A) 它没有被科学界认可。
(B) 它试图分开两个原子来产生能源。
(C) 它达成了过去从未发生过的事。
(D) 它制造出很快就可以投入商业使用的能源。
2. 为什么核融合能源被认为是比核分裂能源更好的选 择?
(A) 核分裂能源比较难产生。
(B) 核融合能源比较不会造成核电厂灾难。
(C) 核分裂能源厂需要更多能源以正常运作。
(D) 产生核融合能源需要的能源比产生核分裂能源需要的能源要少很多。
3. 关于核融合能源，以下哪一个不是当前的挑战?
(A) 必要的设备很贵，且很难维护。
(B) 过程中所需的压力极高。
(C) 温度需要很热才能运作。
(D) 爆炸的风险相当高。
